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Field guide to marine inhabitants - Fishes

Family: Molidae

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Ocean Sunfish
Prepared by Jessica Tokarz

Mola mola


Range
: Mola mola has a cosmopolitan distribution, occurring in all oceans of tropical and temperate climes. In the western Atlantic ocean, they span from northern Florida to northern South America.

Similar Species: The Sharptail Mola (Mola lanceolata) has a body structure that is almost identical to that of Mola Mola. However, unlike M. mola, M. lanceolata has an extended section of caudle fin that comes to a sharp point. Additionally, although these two species have much of the same coloration, M. lanceolata posses much smoother skin and produce less mucus.


Mola lanceolata


Identification
: Mola mola exhibits a truncated body structure with elongated dorsal and anal fins. The caudal fin, on the other hand is broad and rounded. Their skin has a gritty texture and is generally covered with an abundant amount of mucus. Mola mola ranges in color from a dark brownish grey to silver and can exhibit changeable spotty patterns. This species holds the record for heaviest bony fish, weighing as much as 4927 lbs (2235 kg) with a length as great as 10 ft (3.1m).

Note: Mola mola are often seen basking at the surface of the water. By exposing one side of their body to the water’s surface, the Sunfish allows sea birds to feed on ectoparasites that infest their skin. Cleaner fish also aid in the removal of parasites by feasting on them.

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